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Characteristic
Vanadium is a chemical element with the atomic number 23. It is a hard, silvery-grey, ductile, malleable transition metal. The elemental metal is rarely found in nature.Vanadium melting point is very high, often with niobium, tantalum, tungsten, molybdenum and difficult melting metal.Has the ability to resist hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid, and in the resistance to gas, salt, water corrosion performance is better than most stainless steel.
Phase at STP:solid
Appearance:blue-silver-grey metal
Melting point:2183 K (1910 °C, 3470 °F)
Boiling point:3680 K (3407 °C, 6165 °F)
Density (near r.t.):6.11 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p.):5.5 g/cm3
Heat of fusion:21.5 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization:444 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity:24.89 J/(mol·K)
Application
It is mainly used to produce specialty steel alloys such as high-speed tool steels. The most important industrial vanadium compound, vanadium pentoxide, is used as a catalyst for the production of sulfuric acid. The vanadium redox battery for energy storage may be an important application in the future.
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